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Real EC-COUNCIL 312-38 Exam Dumps with Correct 732 Questions and Answers
The EC-Council Certified Network Defender (CND) certification is a globally recognized certification that validates the skills and knowledge of cybersecurity professionals in protecting, detecting, and responding to network security threats. EC-Council Certified Network Defender CND certification is designed to equip professionals with the skills needed to secure and defend network infrastructures against cyber-attacks.
NEW QUESTION # 308
Which of the following are the six different phases of the Incident handling process? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
- A. Eradication
- B. Containment
- C. Preparation
- D. Lessons learned
- E. Post mortem review
- F. Identification
- G. Recovery
Answer: A,B,C,D,F,G
NEW QUESTION # 309
Which of the following representatives of the incident response team takes forensic backups of systems that are the focus of an incident?
- A. Information security representative
- B. Lead investigator
- C. Technical representative
- D. Legal representative
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 310
Which of the following are the various methods that a device can use for logging information on a Cisco router? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
- A. Syslog logging
- B. NTP logging
- C. Terminal logging
- D. Buffered logging
- E. SNMP logging
- F. Console logging
Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Explanation:
There are different methods that a device can use for logging information on a Cisco router:
Terminal logging: In this method, log messages are sent to the VTY session.
Console logging: In this method, log messages are sent directly to the console port.
Buffered logging: In this method, log messages are kept in the RAM on the router. As the buffer
fills, the older messages are overwritten by the newer messages.
Syslog logging: In this method, log messages are sent to an external syslog server where they are
stored and sorted.
SNMP logging: In this method, log messages are sent to an SNMP server in the network.
Answer option C is incorrect. This is an invalid option.
NEW QUESTION # 311
Which of the following is a database encryption feature that secures sensitive data by encrypting it in client applications without revealing the encrypted keys to the data engine in MS SQL Server?
- A. IsEncrypted Enabled
- B. Allow Encrypted
- C. Always Encrypted
- D. NeverEncrypted disabled
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 312
Which of the following fields in the IPv6 header is decremented by 1 for each router that forwards the packet?
- A. Traffic class
- B. Flow label
- C. Hop limit
- D. Next header
Answer: C
Explanation:
The hop limit field in the IPv6 header is decremented by 1 for each router that forwards a packet. The packet is
discarded when the hop limit field reaches zero.
Answer option B is incorrect. Next header is an 8-bit field that specifies the next encapsulated protocol.
Answer option A is incorrect. Flow label is a 20-bit field that is used for specifying special router handling from
source to destination for a sequence of packets.
Answer option C is incorrect. Traffic class is an 8-bit field that specifies the Internet traffic priority delivery value.
NEW QUESTION # 313
Which of the following is a worldwide organization whose mission is to create, refine and promote internet safety standards?
- A. WASC
- B. IEEE
- C. ANSI
- D. SPROUT
- E. None
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 314
Which of the following firewalls are used to track the state of active connections and determine the network packets allowed to enter through the firewall? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
- A. Proxy server
- B. Circuit-level gateway
- C. Dynamic packet-filtering
- D. Stateful
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
A dynamic packet-filtering firewall is a fourth generation firewall technology. It is also known as a stateful firewall. It tracks the state of active connections and determines which network packets are allowed to enter through the firewall. It records session information, such as IP addresses and port numbers to implement a more secure network. The dynamic packet-filtering firewall operates at Layer3, Layer4, and Layer5.
Answer option A is incorrect. A circuit-level gateway is a type of firewall that works at the session layer of the OSI model between the application layer and the transport layer of the TCP/IP stack. They monitor TCP handshaking between packets to determine whether a requested session is legitimate. Information passed to a remote computer through a circuit level gateway appears to have originated from the gateway. This is useful for hiding information about protected networks. Circuit-level gateways are relatively inexpensive and have the advantage of hiding information about the private network they protect.
Answer option C is incorrect. A proxy server firewall intercepts all messages entering and leaving the network.
The proxy server effectively hides the true network addresses.
NEW QUESTION # 315
Which of the following entities is responsible for cloud security?
- A. Cloud provider
- B. Both cloud consumer and provider
- C. Cloud broker
- D. Cloud consumer
Answer: B
Explanation:
In the context of cloud security, the responsibility is shared between the cloud provider and the cloud consumer. This is known as the shared responsibility model. The cloud provider is responsible for securing the infrastructure that runs all of the services offered in the cloud. On the other hand, the cloud consumer is responsible for managing the security of their data, applications, and operating systems that they run on the cloud infrastructure. The specific responsibilities can vary depending on the service model being used (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), but the underlying principle is that both parties have a role to play in ensuring the security of cloud services.
References: The concept of shared responsibility in cloud security is widely acknowledged and documented by various cloud service providers and security organizations, including Microsoft Azure1 and the Center for Internet Security (CIS)2. These sources provide detailed explanations of the shared responsibility model and outline the security tasks handled by the cloud provider and those that fall under the cloud consumer's purview.
NEW QUESTION # 316
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word. The ____________________risk analysis process analyzes the effect of a risk event deriving a numerical value.
Answer:
Explanation:
quantitative
NEW QUESTION # 317
How can a WAF validate traffic before it reaches a web application?
- A. It uses an access-based filtering technique
- B. It uses a role-based filtering technique
- C. It uses a sandboxing filtering technique
- D. It uses a rule-based filtering technique
Answer: D
Explanation:
A Web Application Firewall (WAF) validates traffic before it reaches a web application by using a rule-based filtering technique. This involves inspecting HTTP requests and applying predefined rules to identify and block potentially malicious traffic. The rules are designed to detect common web-based threats and vulnerabilities, ensuring that only safe traffic is allowed to reach the application. By analyzing parts of the HTTP conversation such as GET and POST requests, headers, query strings, and the body of requests, the WAF can effectively prevent data breaches and other attacks by blocking traffic that matches known malicious patterns12345.
References: The function and operation of WAFs are detailed in cybersecurity resources and align with the Certified Network Defender (CND) program's objectives and documents. These sources explain how WAFs use rule-based filtering to protect web applications from various cyber threats12345.
NEW QUESTION # 318
Which of the following are the six different phases of the Incident handling process? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
- A. Eradication
- B. Containment
- C. Preparation
- D. Lessons learned
- E. Post mortem review
- F. Identification
- G. Recovery
Answer: A,B,C,D,F,G
Explanation:
Following are the six different phases of the Incident handling process:
1.Preparation: Preparation is the first step in the incident handling process. It includes processes like backing up copies of all key data on a regular basis, monitoring and updating software on a regular basis, and creating and implementing a documented security policy. To apply this step a documented security policy is formulated that outlines the responses to various incidents, as a reliable set of instructions during the time of an incident.
The following list contains items that the incident handler should maintain in the preparation phase i.e. before an incident occurs:
Establish applicable policies
Build relationships with key players
Build response kit
Create incident checklists
Establish communication plan
Perform threat modeling
Build an incident response team
Practice the demo incidents
2.Identification: The Identification phase of the Incident handling process is the stage at which the Incident handler evaluates the critical level of an incident for an enterprise or system. It is an important stage where the distinction between an event and an incident is determined, measured and tested.
3.Containment: The Containment phase of the Incident handling process supports and builds up the incident combating process. It helps in ensuring the stability of the system and also confirms that the incident does not get any worse.
4.Eradication: The Eradication phase of the Incident handling process involves the cleaning-up of the identified harmful incidents from the system. It includes the analyzing of the information that has been gathered for determining how the attack was committed. To prevent the incident from happening again, it is vital to recognize how it was conceded out so that a prevention technique is applied.
5.Recovery: Recovery is the fifth step of the incident handling process. In this phase, the Incident Handler places the system back into the working environment. In the recovery phase the Incident Handler also works with the questions to validate that the system recovery is successful. This involves testing the system to make sure that all the processes and functions are working normal. The Incident Handler also monitors the system to make sure that the systems are not compromised again. It looks for additional signs of attack.
6.Lessons learned: Lessons learned is the sixth and the final step of incident handling process. The Incident Handler utilizes the knowledge and experience he learned during the handling of the incident to enhance and improve the incident-handling process. This is the most ignorant step of all incident handling processes. Many times the Incident Handlers are relieved to have systems back to normal and get busy trying to catch up other unfinished work. The Incident Handler should make documents related to the incident or look for ways to improve the process.
Answer option C is incorrect. The post mortem review is one of the phases of the Incident response process.
NEW QUESTION # 319
Which of the following is a service discovery protocol that allows computers and other devices to find services in a local area network without prior configuration?
- A. DCAP
- B. SLP
- C. NTP
- D. NNTP
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Service Location Protocol (SLP, srvloc) is a service discovery protocol that allows computers and other devices to find services in a local area network without prior configuration. SLP has been designed to scale from small, unmanaged networks to large enterprise networks. Answer option C is incorrect. The Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) is an Internet application protocol used for transporting Usenet news articles (netnews) between news servers and for reading and posting articles by end user client applications. NNTP is designed so that news articles are stored in a central database, allowing the subscriber to select only those items that he wants to read. Answer option A is incorrect. Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used to synchronize the timekeeping among the number of distributed time servers and clients. It is used for the time management in a large and diverse network that contains many interfaces. In this protocol, servers define the time, and clients have to be synchronized with the defined time. These clients can choose the most reliable source of time defined from the several NTP servers for their information transmission. Answer option D is incorrect. The Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol (DCAP) is an application layer protocol that is used between workstations and routers for transporting SNA/NetBIOS traffic over TCP sessions. It was introduced in order to address a few deficiencies by the Data Link Switching Protocol (DLSw). The DLSw raises the important issues of scalability and efficiency, and since DLSw is a switch-to-switch protocol, it is not efficient when implemented on workstations. DCAP was introduced in order to address these issues.
NEW QUESTION # 320
Which phase of vulnerability management deals with the actions taken for correcting the discovered vulnerability?
- A. Assessment
- B. Remediation
- C. Verification
- D. Mitigation
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phase of vulnerability management that deals with the actions taken for correcting the discovered vulnerability is known as Remediation. This phase involves the actual fixing or patching of the vulnerabilities to reduce the risk of exploitation. Remediation can include applying patches, making configuration changes, or implementing compensating controls. It is a critical step in the vulnerability management lifecycle, which ensures that the identified vulnerabilities are addressed to protect the network from potential attacks.
NEW QUESTION # 321
James was inspecting ARP packets in his organization's network traffic with the help of Wireshark. He is checking the volume of traffic containing ARP requests as well as the source IP address from which they are originating. Which type of attack is James analyzing?
- A. ARP spoofinq
- B. ARP Sweep
- C. ARP misconfiguration
- D. ARP Poisioning
Answer: D
Explanation:
James is analyzing an ARP Poisoning attack. This type of attack occurs when an attacker sends falsified ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) messages over a local area network. This results in the linking of an attacker's MAC address with the IP address of a legitimate computer or server on the network. Once the attacker has inserted their MAC address into the ARP cache of other devices, they can intercept, modify, or stop data in transit, effectively performing a man-in-the-middle or denial of service attack.
NEW QUESTION # 322
Which of the following tools is described below? It is a set of tools that are used for sniffing passwords, e-mail,
and HTTP traffic. Some of its tools include arpredirect, macof, tcpkill, tcpnice, filesnarf, and mailsnarf. It is
highly effective for sniffing both switched and shared networks. It uses the arpredirect and macof tools for
switching across switched networks. It can also be used to capture authentication information for FTP, telnet,
SMTP, HTTP, POP, NNTP, IMAP, etc.
- A. Dsniff
- B. Libnids
- C. LIDS
- D. Cain
Answer: A
Explanation:
Dsniff is a set of tools that are used for sniffing passwords, e-mail, and HTTP traffic. Some of the tools of Dsniff
include dsniff, arpredirect, macof, tcpkill, tcpnice, filesnarf, and mailsnarf. Dsniff is highly effective for sniffing
both switched and shared networks. It uses the arpredirect and macof tools for switching across switched
networks. It can also be used to capture authentication information for FTP, telnet, SMTP, HTTP, POP, NNTP,
IMAP, etc.
Answer option B is incorrect. Cain is a multipurpose tool that can be used to perform many tasks such as
Windows password cracking, Windows enumeration, and VoIP session sniffing. This password cracking
program can perform the following types of password cracking attacks:
Dictionary attack
Brute force attack
Rainbow attack
Hybrid attack
Answer options D and C are incorrect. These tools are port scan detection tools that are used in the Linux
operating system.
NEW QUESTION # 323
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